Decision Tool Results
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Capital Investment Planning
A capital plan provides a link between the municipality’s strategic vision, its urban land use plan, and its annual budget.
Intergovernmental Transfers
Intergovernmental transfers can be a useful source of funds for planning and construction.
Developer Exactions and Impact Fees
Development impact fees are required contributions by the private sector to cover the cost of additional public infrastructure and services.
Betterment Levies
Betterment levies are a form of tax or a fee levied on land that has gained in value because of public infrastructure investments.
Business Improvement Districts
BIDs (also known in some countries as city improvement districts or CIDs) have successfully leveraged private funding in cities to catalyze urban regeneration.
Tax Increment Financing (TIF)
Cities have accessed capital markets to help fund urban regeneration in a variety of ways. One possibility is through the issuance of TIF bonds.
Payment-in-Lieu-of-Taxes (PILOT)
A cousin of TIF and a variation of local “off-balance sheet” financing is the securitization of anticipated revenues. Payment-in-lieu-of-taxes (PILOT) bonds are a version of this type of security.
Special Assessment Districts
Another way for cities to access capital markets to fund their urban regeneration initiatives is through the use of special assessment districts.
Density Bonus
One approach, widely used in the United States, is for a municipality to leverage its regulatory power in order to incentivize private sector investment in a designated urban regeneration area thro
Up-zoning
Another approach commonly used by cities in the United States for leveraging regulatory powers is up-zoning, that is, changing the zoning to allow for higher-value (for example, from industrial to
